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Reconstruction of the history of anthropogenic CO2 concentrations in the ocean
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The release of fossil fuel CO2 to the atmosphere by human activity has been implicated as the predominant cause of recent global climate change1. The ocean play...
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Carbon in idle croplands
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The collapse of the Soviet Union had diverse consequences, not least the abandonment of crop cultivation in many areas. One result has been the vast accumulatio...
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Ecosystem Services, Carbon sink, Carbon stocks, Climate Change, Landscape scale, Idle crop land cropland, Carbon Capture and Storage, Land use change, Ecologica...
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A BURDEN BEYOND BEARING
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The climate situation may be even worse than you think. In the first of three features, Richard Monastersky looks at evidence that keeping carbon dioxide beneat...
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Carbon respiration from subsurface peat accelerated by climate warming in the subarctic
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Among the largest uncertainties in current projections of future climate is the feedback between the terrestrial carbon cycle and climate1. Northern peatlands c...
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Temperature sensitivity, Predicted change, Carbon stocks, Biosphere–atmosphere feedbacks, Soil organic matter, Temperature, Climate Impacts, Greenhouse gases,...
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Call for a climate culture shift
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A new book describes the rapid reshaping of human priorities needed to save the planet from global warming. Some of that change is already under way at the comm...
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Human priorities, Climate Impacts, Human civilization, Extinction risk, Climate Adaptation, Climate Change, Temperature, Cost benefit analysis, Extreme scenario...
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Increase in Agulhas leakage due to poleward shift of Southern Hemisphere westerlies
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The transport of warm and salty Indian Ocean waters into the Atlantic Ocean—the Agulhas leakage—has a crucial role in the global oceanic circulation1 and th...
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A safe operating space for humanity
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Identifying and quantifying planetary boundaries that must not be transgressed could help prevent human activities from causing unacceptable environmental chang...
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Agriculture, Ecosystem Services, Climate Impacts, Human civilization, Carbon stocks, Climate Change, Threshholds, Carbon cycle, Heat, Rapid, Limits to growth, P...
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El Nino in a changing climate
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El Nino events, characterized by anomalous warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, have global climatic teleconnections and are the most dominant featu...
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Sea temperature, Models, Climate Change, Economics, El Nino Southern Oscillation, Economic risk(s), Economy
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The El Nino with a difference
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Patterns of sea-surface warming and cooling in the tropical Pacific seem to be changing, as do the associated atmospheric effects. Increased global warming is i...
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CLIMATE’S SMOKY SPECTRE
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With their focus on greenhouse gases, atmospheric scientists have largely overlooked lowly soot particles. But black carbon is now a hot topic among researchers...
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Climate Change, Fossil fuel combustion, Black carbon, Forest fire, Soot
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The late Precambrian greening of the Earth
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Many aspects of the carbon cycle can be assessed from temporal changes in the 13C/12C ratio of oceanic bicarbonate. 13C/12C can temporarily rise when large amou...
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Opinion : No quick switch to low-carbon energy
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In the first of two pieces on reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, Gert Jan Kramer and Martin Haigh analyse historic growth in energy systems to explain why deplo...
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COMMENTARY: Overshoot, adapt and recover
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We will probably overshoot our current climate targets, so policies of adaptation and recovery need much more attention, say Martin Parry, Jason Lowe and Clair ...
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Adaptive management, Conservation organizations, Climate and society, Federal, Climate Change, Conservation groups, Adaptation by organizations, Adaptation, Rea...
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Too much of a bad thing
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There are various — and confusing — targets to limit global warming due to emissions of greenhouse gases. Estimates based on the total slug of carbon emitte...
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ESSAY : The worst-case scenario
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Stephen Schneider explores what a world with 1,000 parts per million of CO2 in its atmosphere might look like.
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Tipping point, Extinction risk, Climate and society, Climate Change, Thresholds, Greenhouse gases, Anthropogenic forcing, Extreme scenarios, Extremes, Atmospher...
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The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions
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The global temperature response to increasing atmospheric CO2 is often quantified by metrics such as equilibrium climate sensitivity and transient climate respo...
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Warming experiments underpredict plant phenological responses to climate change
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Warming experiments are increasingly relied on to estimate plant responses to global climate change1,2. For experiments to provide meaningful predictions of fut...
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Approaching a state shift in Earth’s biosphere
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Localized ecological systems are known to shift abruptly and irreversibly from one state to another when they are forced across critical thresholds. Here we rev...
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Extreme scenarios, Human health, Climate Impacts, Critical slowing down, Human civilization, Abrupt change, Heat, Ecosystems, Global vegetation trends, Human Di...
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A global synthesis reveals biodiversity loss as a major driver of ecosystem change
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Evidence is mounting that extinctions are altering key processes important to the productivity and sustainability of Earth’s ecosystems (1–4). Further speci...
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Ultraviolet radiation, Productivity, Extreme risk, Climate Change, Extreme scenarios, Sustainability, Biodiversity, Decomposition, Ecosystems, Extinction, Acidi...
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International trade drives biodiversity threats in developing nations
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Human activities are causing Earth’s sixth major extinction event1— an accelerating decline of the world’s stocks of biological diversity at rates 100 to ...
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